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This indicator is On Track

As of June 2025, the project has achieved improved management effectiveness across 37,850 hectares, approaching the mid-project target. METT assessments indicate measurable progress in five priority conservation areas as Decree of the Director General of Natural Resources and Ecosystem Conservation on 3 February 2025:

1. Komodo National Park (40,728 ha): METT score increased from 82 to 83 (2024)
2. Wae Wuul Nature Reserve (1,485 ha): from 47 to 65 (2025)
3. Riung Nature Reserve (416 ha): from 31 to 36 (2024)
4. Wolo Tadho Nature Reserve (4,017 ha): from 42 to 65 (2025)
5. Tujuh Belas Pulau Marine Tourism Park (416 ha): from 56 to 70 (2024)

Interventions have been carried out to strengthen the quality of area management, including:

1. Technical training and capacity building for area managers, including dive training, visitor management, and environmental impact assessment.
2. Monitoring of key species such as Komodo dragons and other threatened species in Komodo National Park, Wae Wuul Nature Reserve, Riung Nature Reserve, Wolo Tadho Nature Reserve, and Tujuh Belas Pulau Marine Tourism Park.
3. Strengthening of Resort-Based Management Systems.
4. Implementation of SMART Patrols in West and North Landscape-Seascape.
5. Studies on habitat, the socio-cultural context of surrounding communities, and ecotourism.
6. Provision of monitoring equipment such as patrol boats, camera traps, and diving gear.

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This indicator is On Track

There has been an increase in the marine protected area by 2,704 hectares, representing a 2.4% rise from the initial baseline of 112,566 hectares. Based on the Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool (METT) assessment results as of June 2025, the scores are as follows on 3 February 2025:

1. Komodo National Park (132,572 ha): 83 (2024)
2. Tujuh Belas Pulau Marine Tourism Park (6,887 ha): 76 (2024)
3. Core Zone of Sawu Sea National Marine Park: score is currently being consolidated with implementing partners.

Monitoring and inventory processes are ongoing, including in the core zone of the Sawu Sea Marine Conservation Area, which is currently undergoing validation of management data. These efforts provide a strong foundation to support the achievement of the project’s midterm targets.

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This indicator is On Track

Significant progress has been made towards reaching the project’s ecosystem restoration targets. A consultant has been contracted and is preparing key planning documents to support the restoration efforts. Mapping of degraded ecosystems has been completed across a total of 300 hectares, comprising 250 hectares in the northern landscape and 50 hectares in the western landscape. This mapping offers a vital foundation for restoration actions.

The Ecosystem Restoration Plan for the identified 300 hectares is on schedule to be finalised and approved by the end of 2025, enabling the project to deliver measurable environmental results and support biodiversity conservation initiatives.

Supporting evidence:

1. Map of the 300-hectare area (proposed preservation candidate: OECM)
2. Inception report, including the Inception Report outlining the methodology and work plan for achieving the deliverables
3. Proposal document with guidance maps

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This indicator is On Track

The consultant has finalised the contract and promptly started the document preparation process, ensuring timely and coordinated delivery of outputs. The Terms of Reference (ToR) for developing integrated guidelines covering tourism, livestock management, fisheries, agriculture, and transportation infrastructure in the target areas have been completed. These guidelines will provide a vital framework for aligning sectoral development with ecosystem restoration and resilience objectives.

The procurement process for prospective consultants to develop the consolidated document is in progress. The final output will be a single comprehensive document containing five sector-specific guidelines that support sustainable management practices across key sectors in the project landscapes. The signing date of this deliverable will be added once it is completed.

Supporting evidence:

1. ToR document (with attached timeline)
2. Draft contract
3. Regional Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMD) – (Evidence: Ind8_Perda No 3 2021 Medium-Term Regional Development Plan For Manggarai Regency 2021 – 2026; Ind8_Medium-Term Regional Development Plan For West Manggarai Regency Period 2021 – 2026; Ind8_Medium-Term Regional Development Plan For Ngada Regency Period 2021 – 2026)

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This indicator is On Track

Monitoring of the Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis) population conducted by the Komodo National Park (KNP) Authority from March to October 2024 recorded an estimated total of 3,270 ± 371 individuals, demonstrating continued progress towards the goal of maintaining a stable and viable Komodo dragon population within protected areas.

The population distribution across the islands is as follows:

• Komodo Island: 1,619 individualsRinca Island: 1,472 individualsGili Motang: 74 individualsNusa Kode: 77 individualsPadar Island: 28 individuals
• In the northern landscape–seascape, monitoring conducted by the East Nusa Tenggara Natural Resources Conservation Agency (BBKSDA NTT) from 5 to 15 July 2024 shows similar progress, as detailed below:Wae Wuul Nature Reserve: 31 individuals, indicating a population increase from 29 individuals in 2017. This growth, although modest, reflects stable habitat conditions and sustained conservation measures.Tujuh Belas Pulau Marine Tourism Park: 9,74±3.69 (95% CI= 4,3-20,48).

This indicates a positive population trend over the past seven years, with the 2024 estimate showing an overall increase within Komodo National Park and Wae Wuul Nature Reserve.

These results highlight the effectiveness of ongoing protection and monitoring efforts under the Komodo Dragon Species Conservation Action Plan (SRAK Komodo).

These findings support the achievement of Komodo dragon conservation targets across both core and buffer zones, contributing to national biodiversity goals and reinforcing adaptive management across protected and OECM-eligible areas.

Yellow-Crested Cockatoo Population

Monitoring conducted in 2024 by Komodo National Park recorded a total of 983 Komodo dragons within the park, reflecting an increase from 931 individuals in 2023. The highest population densities were observed in Poreng (224 individuals) and Banu Nggulung (218 individuals), with the overall distribution spanning Komodo Island, Rinca Island, and Bero. The 2018–2024 population trend graph indicates long-term stability, characterised by natural fluctuations and no significant declines. These findings suggest that the habitat’s carrying capacity remains healthy and that conservation interventions supported by the project are contributing effectively to the species’ protection.

Additional Monitoring and Biodiversity Inventories. Additionally, the project also carried out inventories of endemic birds and key ecosystem indicators—such as the Flores hawk-eagle, Flores monarch, parrots, and giant rats—as part of efforts to maintain overall ecosystem integrity.

Supporting evidence:

1. Inventory of Prey Species & Komodo Habitat Assessment on Onto Loe Island.(Evidence: Ind9_Ind10_Report on the Inventory of Prey Animals and Habitat Assessment of Komodo Dragons on Ontoloe Island)
2. Inventory of Prey Species & Komodo Habitat Assessment in Pota.(Evidence: Ind9_Report on the Inventory of Prey Animals and Habitat Assessment of Komodo Dragons on Pota)
3. Inventory of Prey Species & Komodo Habitat Assessment in Torong Padang.(Evidence: Ind9_Report on the Inventory of Prey Animals and Habitat Assessment of Komodo Dragons on Torong Padang)
4. Inventory of Prey Species & Komodo Habitat Assessment in Wolo Tadho Nature Reserve.(Evidence: Ind9_Report on the Inventory of Prey Animals and Habitat Assessment of Komodo Dragons on CA Wolo Tadho)
5. Inventory of Prey Species & Komodo Habitat Assessment on Longos Island.(Evidence: Ind9_Report on the Inventory of Prey Animals and Habitat Assessment of Komodo Dragons on Longos Island)
6. Inventory of Prey Species & Komodo Habitat Assessment on Nanga Bere Island.(Evidence: Ind9_Report on the Inventory of Prey Animals and Habitat Assessment of Komodo Dragons on Nanga Bere Island)
7. Biodiversity Inventory in the Mbeliling Preservation Area.(Evidence: Ind9_Inventory of Biodiversity in the Mbeliling Conservation Area)
8. Komodo Monitoring, Prey Species & Habitat Assessment in Golo Mori.(Evidence: Ind9_Report on the Inventory of Prey Animals and Habitat Assessment of Komodo Dragons on Golo Mori)
9. Komodo Monitoring, Prey Species & Habitat Assessment in Golo Lijun.(Evidence: Ind9_Report on the Inventory of Prey Animals and Habitat Assessment of Komodo Dragons on Golo Lijun)
10. Survey and Monitoring of Komodo in Tanjung Batu Moncong and Loh Boko, Loh Wenci Resort, SPTN Region II Komodo National Park (Phase I and Phase II).(Evidence: Ind9_Ind10_Phase 1 Monitoring Survey of Loh Boko and Tanjung Batu Moncong; Ind9_Ind10_Phase 2 Monitoring Survey of Loh Seloka and Loh Tetuho)
11. SMART Patrols & Integrated Forest Area Protection Monitoring with Partners in Komodo National Park.(Evidence: Ind9_Ind10_Joint Patrol Report with Partners)
12. Marine Biota Monitoring/Identification in Tujuh Belas Pulau Marine Tourism Park, Riung.(Evidence: Ind9_Ind10_Monitoring and Identification Report on Marine Biota in TWAL 17 Riung)
13. Conservation Strategy and Action Plan Komodo Dragon (SRAK Komodo).(Evidence: Ind9_Conservation Strategy and Action Plan - Komodo)

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This indicator is On Track

To deter illegal activities and monitor high-risk zones:

• Land patrols covered 9,287.48 km, monitoring 8,935.31 ha.
• Marine patrols covered 20,210.14 km, overseeing 71,006.37 ha.

Documented results:

• 312 fishing activities, the most frequent threat.
• 109 tourism vessels, highlighting increasing tourism pressure.
• 8 wildlife poaching incidents, 5 illegal logging cases, and 3 non-fish marine biota collection activities.
• 2 forest fires and 1 case of unauthorised land use were also recorded.

Capacity Strengthening and Community-Based Enforcement

To enhance sustainability and local resilience:

1. Training and Support for Rangers and Communities:SMART Patrol support in Loh Boko, Tanjung Batu Moncong, Loh Tetuho, and Loh Seloka.(Evidence: Ind9_Ind10_Phase 1 Monitoring Survey of Loh Boko and Tanjung Batu Moncong; Ind9_Ind10_Phase 2 Monitoring Survey of Loh Seloka and Loh Tetuho)Ecosystem threat detection training (3–9 November 2024).(Evidence: Ind9_Ind10_Joint Patrol Report with Partners)Diving training (10–12 August) and Open Water Monitoring training (20–22 September) for 26 enforcement personnel from BBKSDA NTT and KNP.(Evidence: Ind10_Diving Training and Certification Report; Ind10_Open Water Diving Training)Coordination meetings with law enforcement agencies in NTB and NTT in August 2024.(Evidence: Ind10_Coordination of public services for the Regional Police Headquarters of East and West Nusa Tenggara)
2. Provision of Surveillance Infrastructure:North: 2 motorboats, 2 drones, 60 camera traps, 3 scuba kits.West: 6 motorboats, 2 drones, 5 GPS units, 9 Starlink units, 14 range finders, 26 Motorola HT radios.
3. Community Empowerment Initiatives:Conservation Cadre Training in Pota (North): 30 participants (12 women, 18 men), 2–5 September 2024. (Evidence: Ind10_Report on the Implementation of Conservation Cadre Formation Activities in the Pota Preservation Area)Conservation Cadre Development in West (KNP): 40 participants (20 women, 20 men), 2–4 August 2024. (Evidence: Ind10_Strengthening the capacity of entry-level conservation cadres in Komodo National Park to manage the OECMs supporting the Komodo National Park area)

Enhanced Park and Marine Safeguards

Through Komodo National Park’s strengthened operations:

1. Procurement and repair of patrol vessels, including a new functional speed boat and refurbishment of “Cakalang”.
2. Fire Concern Community Group (MPA) for fire prevention.Community Partners of Forest Rangers (MMP) for local surveillance and co-management.Resort-level patrol coverage expanded to: Loh Baru, Gililawa, Loh Wenci, Loh Wau, North Padar, and South Padar, improving threat detection and response.(Evidence: Ind10_Komodo National Park Performance Report 2024; Ind10_BBKSDA NTT Performance Report 2024)

Conclusion

Since the In-Flores intervention, significant improvements have been made in monitoring, enforcement, community engagement, and infrastructure. These results are contributing to the project’s broader objective of reducing biodiversity loss and habitat degradation by shifting behaviour, strengthening protection, and embedding local stewardship in conservation systems.